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Aspergillus unguis
''Aspergillus unguis'' is a member of the genus Aspergillus in the phylum Ascomycota, and the asexual state (anamorph) of ''Emericella unguis''.〔〔 ''Aspergillus unguis'' is a filamentous soil-borne fungus〔 found on decomposing plant matter and other moist substrates including with building materials and household dust.〔 ''Aspergillus unguis'' occurs mainly in tropical and suptropical soils but has also been isolated from various marine and aquatic habitats.〔 The species was first isolated in 1935 by Weill and L. Gaudin.〔 Historically, ''A. unguis'' was assigned to the ''A. nidulans'' group, a common group of soil-borne fungi due to the resemblance of its ascospores and cleistothecia to those of ''Emericella nidulans''.〔 ''Aspergillus unguis'' is distinctive, however, in possessing spicular hyphae.〔 A number of synonyms have been collapsed into this species, including: ''Sterigmatocystis unguis'', ''Aspergillus laokiashanensis'' and ''Aspergillus mellinus''.〔
==Growth and morphology==
Colonies typically reach up to 2 cm in diameter at 10 days incubation, growing optimally at .〔 A number of growth media are suitable for the cultivation of this species, including Sabouraud maltose agar, Czapek’s agar, Raulin’s agar.〔 The colonies of ''A. unguis'' are first white in colour becoming greenish or chrome green in the centre,〔 and ultimately dull brown colour similar to chocolate.〔 The dark colour is due to the presence of melanin or melanin like-pigments within the cell wall.〔 This dark brown colouration is unique to the species and has cause some researchers to include it in the dematiaceous fungi, a group of unrelated, darkly coloured moulds that includes some serious opportunistic pathogens of humans.〔 Despite its outward similarity to the dematiaceous fungi, the latter group conventionally excludes members of the order Eurotiales.
The conidiophoress are smoothed walled, non-septate, reaching 45-65 µm in length.〔 The mature sporulating heads are 250-300 µm in diameter and columnar.〔 The conidiophores terminate in hemispherical vesicles 9-12 µm, wide, that become covered by primary and secondary metulae giving rise to phialides.〔 The conidia are spherical in shape, roughly 3 µm in diameter and develop brownish vein-like structures on the spore walls over time.〔 Conidia are borne in columns at the tips of aspergilloid conidiophores.〔 The spicular hyphae of ''A. unguis'' are aseptate and become brown in colour, thick-walled and irregularly roughened and tapering with blunt apex.〔 They reach a length of 1000 µm or greater.〔
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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